Tuesday, April 07, 2009

Afrikaans

Recently I have become very interested in the Afrikaans language (maybe inspired by the fact that I have just read a book by J.M. Coetzee). I have had very limited contact with the language and from the limited amount of Afrikaans I have heard I would say that it sounds far more like Flemish dialects than the Dutch spoken in most of The Netherlands. I have not had enough exposure to determine how much spoken Afrikaans I can understand but from what I have heard it is not immediately comprehensible to Dutch speakers.
One thing I have noticed in The Netherlands is that the average person here has little or no interest in the main languages related to Dutch. Frisian is often dismissed as a Dutch dialect, most people I have asked no nothing of Afrikaans. In Ireland I remember learning about the other Celtic languages while studying Irish so it is surprising that this does not seem to be covered while children study the Dutch language. Scandinavians by comparison will all have knowledge of how their language (be that Norwegian, Swedish or Danish) relates to the other ones and many will be able to adapt their speech so that they can speak a 'Scandinavian' with somebody from the other country.
The reason I mention this is that there are no readily available materials for learning Afrikaans through the Dutch language. In fact Afrikaans does not feature in the list of some 40 languages that are taught by the Dutch Volksuniversiteiten (adult education institutes). Perhaps the apartheid regime in South Africa led to a wish on the part of Dutch people to distance themselves from the Afrikaner people or maybe there is little value seen in learning a language that has no particular economic value. I remain surprised that there are so few resources for learning a language which shares so many features with Dutch. From a purely cultural point of view I would have expected more.
Ironically there are many resources available in English including a very comprehensive Open Languages site  which gives a very thorough introduction to Afrikaans. Furthermore there are quite a few teaching methods available including Teach Yourself Afrikaans. Although I am an English speaker I already speak Dutch so I would prefer to tackle Afrikaans from that angle. Afrikaans is quite readable for a Dutch speaker, there are a number of differences in spelling but you can quickly work out the differences. In terms of reading the grammatical differences are not such an issue but that would be a major challenge in writing Afrikaans. There are many difference in vocabulary but some words can be guessed from the context and others are clearly imports from English.
I found one fascinating paper (in Dutch) which compares Dutch and Afrikaans and proposes a syllabus for Dutch speakers wishing to learn Afrikaans. I am not sure if the syllabus has been applied anywhere, I could not find an institute offering it in my search so far. In any case it highlights the differences that you need to be aware of between the two languages and the core message seems to be that Afrikaans is not as easy as it looks (for Dutch speakers).
Anyway, I intend to pursue my interest in Afrikaans as a hobby (without impacting my Japanese or Italian studies). I might also start looking at Frisian again. There is a lot to be said for quick wins, it is easier to learn a related language than a completely new so waarom niet?

3 comments:

Anonymous said...

Hi!
I'm glad you find Afrikaans interesting.The reason why your not finding any references to Afrikaans in dutch is because modern Afrikaners share no affiliation to dutch and see dutch only as a influence on Afrikaans along with German ,English , French , Portages and a few other languages.(Afrikaans forms part of the Low Franconian Western Germanic family.)

I have no problem reading and writing dutch and Flemish but find it a little more difficult understanding it when spoken.

As jy wil kan ons eentyd kommunikeer in afrikaans via skype(of email) om jou kennis van Afrikaans te verbeter.

Dankie!
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans)

Philip said...

What an interesting article!

Here in South Africa most of the population can speak, read and write both English and Afrikaans fluently.

With my understanding of Afrikaans it is fairly easy to understand Dutch, although as you mentioned there are grammatical differences and imports from English, probably from decades of co-existence with English as one of the two official languages during the previous regime.

A friend of mine recently returned from Belgium and mentioned how easily he understood a Flemish news broadcast.

A few minutes ago I stumbled across some Flemish on a website. I was pleasantly surprised when I found that I could read it almost as easily as I read Afrikaans! In fact, it was far easier to read the Flemish than Dutch!

I am quite excited at the prospect of being able to understand a foreign language with such ease and of perhaps travelling to Belgium to converse with Flemish speakers.

With all the dialects of Flemish, do you perhaps know which one is closest to Afrikaans? There is a good article on Wikipedia but unfortunately it does not answer this question. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Belgium

As you put it, if it is so easy to understand a language similar to one's own, then waarom nie?

Aidan said...

Anon,
"modern Afrikaners share no affiliation to dutch and see dutch only as a influence on Afrikaans along with German ,English , French , Portages and a few other languages."
All I can say is that I speak fluent Dutch and I can read Afrikaans very easily because it shares a large majority of its words with Dutch. I am not saying that it is the same as Dutch but it is a lot more like Dutch than any other language. If you read this wiki entry you will read how close the two languages actually are:
http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans
This is an interesting statement:
"Het Afrikaans staat niet eens zo heel ver van het Standaardnederlands , de dialecten in Groningen, West-Vlaanderen en Limburg staan verder weg van de standaardtaal."

Philip,
"I am quite excited at the prospect of being able to understand a foreign language with such ease and of perhaps travelling to Belgium to converse with Flemish speakers."
Standard Flemish is the same as Standard Dutch (Algemeen Beschaafd Nederlands), it is just spoken with a different accent. The reason why it is the same is because Belgium and The Netherlands are in the De Nederlandse Taalunie so they agree common rules on how Dutch should be spoken.
Ordinary Flemish people often speak a dialect as well as standard Dutch. In The Netherlands there are also many dialects but far more people only speak standard Dutch, dialects are stronger the further you travel from the Randstad.
The Flemish dialects that sound most like Afrikaans are West Flanders dialects but to be honest the effort for an Afrikaans speaker to learn standard Dutch is minimal and even in my work there are South Africans who I did not realize were non-native Dutch speakers until somebody mentioned it.